Large language models — citation graph of key research

Explore the most influential research on large language models as an interactive citation graph on Constellation. The papers below are connected by direct citations and shared references — open any one to center the graph on it and discover related work.

Top papers on large language models

  1. Large language models in medicine
    Arun James Thirunavukarasu, Darren Shu Jeng Ting, Kabilan Elangovan et al. — 2023 · Nature Medicine · 3,837 citations
  2. A Survey of Large Language Models
    Wayne Xin Zhao, Kun Zhou, Junyi Li et al. — 2026 · Frontiers of Computer Science · 2,054 citations
  3. Emergent Abilities of Large Language Models
    Wei, Jason, Yi Tay, Rishi Bommasani et al. — 2022 · arXiv (Cornell University) · 1,263 citations
  4. A Survey on Evaluation of Large Language Models
    Yupeng Chang, Xu Wang, Jindong Wang et al. — 2024 · ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology · 3,085 citations
  5. A Comprehensive Overview of Large Language Models
    Humza Naveed, Asad Ullah Khan, Shi Qiu et al. — 2025 · ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology · 1,224 citations
  6. Large Language Models: A Survey
    Shervin Minaee, Tomáš Mikolov, Nikzad, Narjes et al. — 2024 · arXiv (Cornell University) · 324 citations
  7. Explainability for Large Language Models: A Survey
    Haiyan Zhao, Hanjie Chen, Fan Yang et al. — 2024 · ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology · 672 citations
  8. Autonomous chemical research with large language models
    Daniil A. Boiko, Robert MacKnight, Ben Kline et al. — 2023 · Nature · 1,021 citations
  9. Role play with large language models
    Murray Shanahan, Kyle McDonell, Laria Reynolds — 2023 · Nature · 478 citations
  10. A survey on large language models for recommendation
    Likang Wu, Zhi Zheng, Zhaopeng Qiu et al. — 2024 · World Wide Web · 496 citations
  11. Large language models encode clinical knowledge
    Karan Singhal, Shekoofeh Azizi, Tao Tu et al. — 2023 · Nature · 3,983 citations
  12. Science in the age of large language models
    Abeba Birhane, Atoosa Kasirzadeh, David Leslie et al. — 2023 · Nature Reviews Physics · 330 citations