A Comprehensive Overview of Large Language Models
Humza Naveed, Asad Ullah Khan, Shi Qiu et al.
2025 · ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology · 1,097 citations
Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks and beyond. This success of LLMs has led to a large influx of research contributions in this direction. These works encompass diverse topics such as architectural innovations, better training strategies, context length improvements, fine-tuning, multimodal LLMs, robotics, datasets, benchmarking, efficiency, and more. With the rapid development of techniques and regular breakthroughs in LLM research, it has become considerably challenging to perceive the bigger picture of the ad…
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